Turkic etymology : Query result

Proto-Turkic: *dǖtük

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: pipe

Russian meaning: трубка, флейта

Karakhanid: tütek 'a spout of an ewer' (MK), düdük 'reed pipe, flute' (IM)

Turkish: düdük

Middle Turkic: (OKypch.) düdük (AH)

Uzbek: tutak

Azerbaidzhan: düdük

Turkmen: tüjdük

Kirghiz: tütük

Kazakh: tütik

Noghai: düdik

Gagauz: düdük

Karakalpak: tüte

Salar: tütülüx (ССЯ)

Kumyk: düdük

Comments: VEWT 507, EDT 455.

Proto-Turkic: *eb

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: house

Russian meaning: дом

Old Turkic: eb (Orkh.), ev (OUygh.)

Karakhanid: ev (MK), öv (KB)

Turkish: ev

Tatar: öj

Middle Turkic: öj (Pav. C., Бор. Бад.)

Uzbek: uj

Uighur: öj

Sary-Yughur: jü

Azerbaidzhan: ev

Turkmen: öj

Khakassian: ib

Shor: em, (Kond.) üj

Oyrat: üj

Halaj: hä̇v

Chuvash: av-la-n- 'to marry'

Tuva: ög

Tofalar: öɣ

Kirghiz: üj

Kazakh: üj

Noghai: üj

Bashkir: üj

Balkar: üj

Gagauz: jev

Karaim: üj

Karakalpak: üj

Kumyk: üj

Comments: VEWT 34, EDT 3-4, ЭСТЯ 1, 287-288, 513-514, Егоров 21, Лексика 500. The word for 'woman' in some languages goes back to PT *eb-či ("housewife"), see EDT 6; borrowed in Mong. as ebsi 'female of a big bear', see Clark 1980, 43).

Proto-Turkic: *ebin

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: grain, seed

Russian meaning: зерно, семя

Old Turkic: evin (OUygh.)

Karakhanid: evin (MK, KB)

Turkish: Osm. evin, Anat. efin

Middle Turkic: evin (Qutb)

Oyrat: ebin

Chuvash: avъn śap- 'to flail', avъn karti 'cornfloor' > Mari (Low) avǝn, Mari (High) ɛn.

Comments: VEWT 34, EDT 12, Мудрак Дисс. 82.

Proto-Turkic: *ebir-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: to turn

Russian meaning: поворачивать

Old Turkic: ebir- (Orkh.), evir- (OUygh.)

Karakhanid: evür- (MK)

Turkish: evir-

Middle Turkic: evir-, iber- (Abush., Pav. C.)

Uzbek: öwür- (dial.)

Turkmen: öwür-

Khakassian: ibĭr-

Shor: ebir-

Oyrat: ebir-

Chuvash: avъr-

Kazakh: üjĭr-

Bashkir: äwir-

Comments: EDT 14, VEWT 34, ЭСТЯ 1, 498-500, Егоров 20.

Proto-Turkic: *ebi-s-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: to winnow, blow

Russian meaning: веять

Karakhanid: evüs- (MK)

Turkish: evis-

Azerbaidzhan: äs-

Turkmen: övüs-, ös-

Halaj: häp(i)s-, häs-

Chuvash: avъs-

Comments: EDT 15, VEWT 49, ЭСТЯ 1, 553-554. The form es-, attested already in MK (see EDT 240, ЭСТЯ ibid.) is possibly a contraction of *ebs-.

Proto-Turkic: *ebren

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: snake

Russian meaning: змея

Turkish: (Osm.) evren 'dragon', cf. mod. 'heaven vault' ( < `snake-rainbow' ?)

Middle Turkic: MKypch. ewren 'adder' (Houts.)

Chuvash: vǝʷre śǝlen 'dragon' (lit. 'hot snake'), vereni (Bulg.)

Gagauz: ievrem 'fiery snake'

Comments: EDT 14.

Proto-Turkic: *Ebür(d)ek

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: duck

Russian meaning: утка

Old Turkic: ödirek (OUygh.)

Karakhanid: (MK) ördek

Turkish: ördek

Tatar: ürdɛk

Middle Turkic: evrek, evek (Qutb)

Uzbek: ọrdak

Uighur: ö(r)däk

Sary-Yughur: jürdek

Azerbaidzhan: ördäk

Turkmen: ȫrdek

Khakassian: örtek

Shor: örtek

Oyrat: örtök

Halaj: irdäk

Yakut: ördükēn 'утка-чиранка'

Tuva: ödürek, edirek

Tofalar: ödrek

Kirghiz: ördök

Kazakh: üjrek

Bashkir: üjräk

Gagauz: jördek

Karaim: ördek, erdek

Karakalpak: üjrek, ördek

Kumyk: ördek dial.

Comments: EDT 205, ЭСТЯ 1, 547-548, TMN 2, 31, Лексика 172.

Proto-Turkic: *ed-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: to tan (leather)

Russian meaning: дубить (шкуру)

Azerbaidzhan: ejmä 'leather bag with clabber'

Turkmen: ej-

Chuvash: ir-źǝ 'skinner'

Yakut: etirik `skin scraper'

Comments: ЭСТЯ 1, 236-237, 335-336, Мудрак Дисс. 171, Лексика 377.

Proto-Turkic: *Eder-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: to follow

Russian meaning: следовать

Old Turkic: eder- (Orkh., OUygh.)

Karakhanid: eδer- (MK)

Tatar: ijär-

Uzbek: ejär- (dial.)

Sary-Yughur: ezer-

Turkmen: ejer-

Khakassian: izert-

Chuvash: jer-

Tuva: eder-

Kazakh: ijer-

Bashkir: ĭjär-

Kumyk: ijer-

Comments: EDT 67, VEWT 36, ЭСТЯ 1, 242-245, Егоров 61-62.

Proto-Turkic: *Edi

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: host

Russian meaning: хозяин

Old Turkic: edi (idi) (OUygh.)

Karakhanid: iδi (MK)

Turkish: ije, ɨs, is

Tatar: ijä

Middle Turkic: eje (Бор. Бад., Abush.), ije (Pav. C.)

Uzbek: äjä (dial.)

Sary-Yughur: ise

Azerbaidzhan: jijä

Turkmen: eje

Khakassian: ē

Shor: ē

Oyrat: ē

Yakut: ičči

Dolgan: ičči

Tuva: ē ( < Oyr. or Khak.)

Kirghiz: ē

Kazakh: ĭje

Noghai: ije

Bashkir: ĭjä

Balkar: ije

Karaim: ije, je

Karakalpak: ije

Kumyk: jeje

Comments: ЭСТЯ 1, 237-241, TMN 2, 176, EDT 41, Лексика 324-325, Stachowski 122. Some forms (Tur. ɨs, is, Yak. ičči etc.) go back to a suffixed *ede-si; the Khak. and Shor forms should be explained as a haplology of the same form.

Proto-Turkic: *ed, *ed-gü

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 thing, goods 2 good, excellent 3 good action, benefit

Russian meaning: 1 вещь, добро, имущество 2 хороший, отличный 3 благодеяние

Old Turkic: ed 1 (OUygh.), edgü 2

Karakhanid: eδ 1, eδgü 2 (MK, KB)

Turkish: iji 2

Tatar: ige, ijge

Turkmen: ejgi-lik 3

Yakut: ütüö 2

Dolgan: ötüö 2

Tuva: eki 2

Tofalar: e'kki 2

Kirghiz: ijgi-lig 3

Noghai: ijgi 1

Balkar: igi,izgi 1

Salar: ī 1

Comments: ЭСТЯ 1, 245-247, 248-249, 329-330, VEWT 35-36, EDT 33, 51, Stachowski 201. PT *ed-gü is derived from PT *ed 'thing, goods' (Лексика 326) ( > Mong. ed, MMong. (SH etc.) ed, see Щербак 1997, 113). Mong. edege- 'to feel better, recover' (Dag. edge-) is also possibly < Turkic.

Proto-Turkic: *ẹ̆dŋe-r

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: saddle

Russian meaning: седло

Karakhanid: eδer (MK)

Turkish: eyer

Tatar: ijɛr

Middle Turkic: ẹger

Uzbek: egar

Uighur: egǝ(r)

Sary-Yughur: ezer

Azerbaidzhan: jähär

Turkmen: ejer

Khakassian: izer

Shor: ezer

Oyrat: ēr

Chuvash: jǝner

Yakut: ɨŋɨ̄r

Dolgan: ɨŋɨ̄r

Tuva: ezer

Tofalar: e'zer (Рас. ФиЛ 183)

Kirghiz: ēr

Kazakh: er

Noghai: ijer

Bashkir: ejär

Balkar: ijer

Gagauz: jēr

Karaim: jer

Karakalpak: jer

Salar: eŋer (Kakuk)

Kumyk: er

Comments: EDT 63, VEWT 36, ЭСТЯ 1, 241-242, 658-659, Лексика 539, Stachowski 261. Reflexes of the cluster are complicated by borrowings: e.g. Tuva, Tof. is < Khak. Turk. *edŋer-čak 'pack saddle' > MMong. iŋɣirčaq, WMong. jaŋɣirčaq id. (TMN 2, 128-129, Щербак 1997, 164, Аникин 88).

Proto-Turkic: *eg-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: to bend

Russian meaning: гнуть

Old Turkic: eg- (OUygh.)

Karakhanid: eg- (MK)

Turkmen: eg-

Halaj: äj-, äjri

Chuvash: av-, aj-

Yakut: iex-

Dolgan: iek-

Comments: EDT 99, VEWT 37, ЭСТЯ 1, 330-332, Егоров 19, Stachowski 122 (Yak. iex- < *eg-ik-).

Proto-Turkic: *eg-dü

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: a curved knife

Russian meaning: кривой нож

Old Turkic: egdü (OUygh.)

Karakhanid: egdü (MK)

Turkish: egdi (dial.)

Turkmen: egdi

Chuvash: avdъ

Yakut: iät

Kirghiz: ijdi

Comments: EDT 102, VEWT 37. The semantics must have been secondarily influenced by *eg- 'to bend, curve'.

Proto-Turkic: *egin

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: shoulder

Russian meaning: плечо

Old Turkic: egin (OUygh.)

Karakhanid: egin (MK)

Turkish: eɣin, ejin 'back'

Middle Turkic: egin (Abush., Pav. C.), in (Pav. C.) 'back'

Uzbek: egin

Sary-Yughur: igen

Azerbaidzhan: äjin 'body'

Turkmen: egin (dial.)

Khakassian: iŋnĭ

Shor: äŋin, egini

Oyrat: ijin

Chuvash: avъn, an

Yakut: ien

Tuva: eɣin

Kirghiz: ijin

Kazakh: ĭjĭn

Noghai: ijin

Karaim: īn, in

Karakalpak: ijin

Comments: EDT 109, VEWT 37, ЭСТЯ 1, 225-227, Егоров 26, Лексика 239, Федотов 1, 42-43.

Proto-Turkic: *egir-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: to twist, spin

Russian meaning: крутить, прясть

Karakhanid: egir- (MK)

Turkish: ejir-

Tatar: ir- (dial.)

Middle Turkic: egir- (Pav. C.)

Uzbek: jigir-

Uighur: jiger-, igir-

Azerbaidzhan: äjir-

Turkmen: egir-

Khakassian: īr-

Shor: īr-, egir-

Oyrat: ijir-

Halaj: häjir-

Chuvash: avъr-la-

Yakut: īr-is- 'спутаться о лесках'; ieregej 'humming-top'

Dolgan: ieregej 'drill'

Tuva: ēr-

Kirghiz: ijir-

Kazakh: ijir-

Noghai: ijir-

Balkar: ijir-

Karaim: ijir-

Karakalpak: ijir-

Salar: iɣer-

Kumyk: ijir-

Comments: EDT 112, ЭСТЯ 1, 227-231, TMN 2, 192, Федотов 1, 27, Stachowski 122. The Chuv. form reflects a partial merger with *ebir- (v. sub *i̯ằpV).

Proto-Turkic: *ej-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: lower side

Russian meaning: нижняя сторона

Chuvash: aj

Comments: A Chuvash isolate (see VEWT 38, Федотов 1, 28), but having probable external parallels.

Proto-Turkic: *ejekü

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: side, upper rib

Russian meaning: бок, верхнее ребро

Old Turkic: ejegü (OUygh.)

Karakhanid: ejegü (MK, KB)

Turkish: eje; (Osm.) ejegi

Middle Turkic: ejegü, üjegi (Sangl.)

Chuvash: ajъk

Yakut: ojoɣos ( < *ajaku-č?)

Dolgan: ojogos

Tuva: ēgi

Tofalar: ē~gi

Comments: VEWT 38, EDT 272, Егоров 38, Мудрак Дисс. 64, Лексика 275, Stachowski 190.

Proto-Turkic: *Ej-men-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: to be shy, timid, afraid

Russian meaning: смущаться, робеть, пугаться

Old Turkic: ejmen- (OUygh.)

Karakhanid: ejmen- (MK)

Turkish: imen-

Tatar: imän-

Middle Turkic: ejmen- (Abush., Pav. C.)

Uzbek: ijmän-

Uighur: äjmän-

Azerbaidzhan: ejmän- (dial.)

Turkmen: ejmen-

Oyrat: ijmen-

Kirghiz: ijmen-

Kazakh: ĭjmen-

Noghai: ijmen-

Karaim: emen-

Karakalpak: ijmen-

Comments: VEWT 10, EDT 273, ЭСТЯ 1, 249-251. Turk. > WMong. ajman- (Щербак 1997, 96); but Mong. *aju- can be hardly regarded as a Turkism.

Proto-Turkic: *ek-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 to decrease, be insufficient 2 common, ordinary, low class; fault, faulty

Russian meaning: 1 уменьшаться, быть недостаточным 2 обычный, низкородный; недостаток, недостаточный

Old Turkic: egsü- 1, egil 2 (Orkh., OUygh.)

Karakhanid: egsü- 1 (MK)

Turkish: eksi-, eksil- 1, eksik 2

Middle Turkic: eksü- 1 (Abush.), öksü-, öksül- 1 (Pav. C.), öksük 2 (Abush., Pav. C.)

Uighur: ögsü- 1 (dial.)

Azerbaidzhan: äskik 2

Turkmen: egis-, egsil- 1, egsik 2

Chuvash: iksǝl- 1, jǝksek 2

Kirghiz: öksü- 1, öksük 2

Gagauz: jisil- 1

Karaim: eksil- 1, eksik 2

Comments: ЭСТЯ 1, 257-258, Егоров 77, Мудрак Дисс. 199; EDT 106, 117. The Chuv. Anlaut is not quite clear (iksǝl- < *jǝksǝl-?; one of the cases with prothetic j-, so the openness / closedness of the vowel in PT remains unknown); Федотов 1, 193 derives Chuv. jǝksik from PT *jek (v. sub *ĺā̀k`è), but this is phonetically impossible.